How many resumes do you typically send before finding a job?
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How much time does it usually take you to secure a new job?
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How to write the perfect CV


IMAGINE MEETING a stranger at a party. What makes for a successful encounter? Lesson one is to heed the wisdom of a shampoo commercial from the 1980s: you never get a second chance to make a first impression. Lesson two is to remember that you do not need to wear a beret or a fur stole in order to stand out. Lesson three is not to forget that what you leave out matters as much as what you... say.

These same principles, it turns out, apply to writing a CV. A résumé is not a list of every job you ever had. It is not your autobiography. It is, like that hair-care advert, a marketing tool. Your audience is made up of recruiters and hiring managers. Like cocktail-party guests, they do not take a long time to decide if they want to keep talking. According to one study, such professionals spend an average of 7.4 seconds skimming a job application. Your guest Bartleby has a few tips on how best to ensure that these seconds count.

The CV's number-one task is not to put the reader off. If you are thinking of adding a watermark with your initials, think again; you are trying too hard. Use a clean, simple format and avoid fancy fonts (Arial or Helvetica are fine; Century Gothic is not).

Adding colour does not mean using a teal background. Nor does it mean using purple prose. Clichés can be a reason you are passed over for an interview. So can typos; spell-check and proofread over and over. You would be surprised how often someone forgets to include their name and contact details. Dispense with hackneyed descriptors ("cultivated and passionate professional", "a keen eye for detail") -- facts should speak for themselves. But not all facts. You may think including your ranking on "Overwatch" is a quirky way to illustrate how quick you are on your feet. A recruiter may conclude that it shows you spend hours on the sofa tethered to a gaming console.

Do not hammer your CV out in an hour -- take your time to polish it. Condense, filter and distil until what you are left with captures the essence of you. Anyone's CV can fit on a page, even if you have held residencies in the world's eight top hospitals or are Christine Lagarde. Forget the personal statement -- no one has time for that. If you spent three weeks in the summer when you were 17 keeping the books in your uncle's hardware store, no one needs to know that if you are now over the age of 25. The older you get, the more you should prioritise work experience over education.

Tailor your résumé for every application by making the relevant tweaks and highlighting different areas. Otherwise, you are like the bore who tells the same story to every person he meets. Not everyone -- and not every recruiter -- is interested in the same things. If you can quantify an accomplishment, do. A second-year law student who just completed his summer internship having worked on six M&A deals? Put that in.

Reasonable gaps in a résumé are not cause for concern. Life happens and sometimes people take time off; you do not have to explain that you spent three months between jobs hiking around Machu Picchu to clear your head and recharge your batteries. A ten-year gap in the workforce may be another matter. So might constant job-switching, which is as much of a red flag to recruiters as admitting to never having had a long-term relationship might be to a stranger at a party. But if this describes your work history then you probably have bigger problems that a CV alone, no matter how masterful, will not fix.

Once you have sent your application, refrain from emailing prospective employers to see if they received it. You risk coming across as that annoying person who texts to see if their previous texts have got through.

In his commencement address at Kenyon College in 2005, David Foster Wallace, an American novelist, used the metaphor of fish oblivious to the element surrounding them in order to point to the dangers of the "natural, hard-wired, default setting which is to be deeply and literally self-centred". Your life, he implied, should illustrate an acute awareness of the outside world. So should your CV. Drafting a presentation of your skills and achievements will inevitably reflect the sovereignty and self-absorption of your "skull-sized kingdom", as Wallace described it. So as you launch yourself into the job market, follow his counsel to young graduates to try always to be aware of their place in the greater scheme of things: "This is water...this is water."
 
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The Essential Skills Employers Look for in Candidates


When hiring new employees, employers look beyond just qualifications and experience. There are several essential soft skills and attributes that companies seek in job candidates during the recruitment process. Understanding the key skills employers want allows you to tailor your CV, interview answers and application to show you have these abilities. This article explores the top skills employers... look for and how to demonstrate them throughout the hiring process.

Strong communication skills are one of the most important attributes employers look for in potential hires. They want to see excellent verbal, written and interpersonal skills. This includes being able to express yourself clearly, listen actively, provide constructive feedback, and collaborate effectively with co-workers. Highlight your communication abilities on your CV by giving examples of presentations, reports or proposals you have created. If you aren't sure how to craft a winning CV, you can use an online CV template. Provide instances of resolving conflict or misunderstandings positively. Use the job interview to demonstrate your interpersonal skills through active listening, thoughtful responses and appropriate body language. Being able to communicate effectively is vital for almost any role.

Employers need staff who can analyse issues, think critically and develop solutions. Problem-solving skills allow you to address challenges logically and with creative thinking. Give examples of problems you have solved in previous roles, whether through process improvements, new initiatives or overcoming obstacles. Use the job interview to describe your problem-solving approach with steps like gathering information, assessing options and implementing solutions. Show how you persevere to resolve issues. The ability to solve problems systematically shows you can handle challenges on the job.

The ability to work cooperatively as part of a team is highly valued by employers. They need employees who can collaborate productively to achieve shared goals. Provide examples of team projects and highlight accomplishments your collaboration achieved. Discuss roles you have taken on teams, whether formal leadership or supporting team members. Use your job interview to share how you build positive team relationships, manage conflicts constructively and motivate teammates to excel. Working well in a team demonstrates you can contribute to an organisation's success.

Today's rapidly changing business environment requires employees who are adaptable and embrace change. Employers look for individuals who can adjust quickly when projects or priorities shift. Share examples of how you have adapted to changes in previous roles. Use your interview to demonstrate flexibility by expressing openness to new approaches, systems or responsibilities. Show that you can maintain consistent performance during periods of change. Adaptability allows you to thrive in evolving workplaces.

Employers need staff who can manage multiple priorities and complete work efficiently. Time management and organisational skills allow you to be productive and meet deadlines. Showcase how you have delivered results on time in past roles. Give examples of techniques you use for prioritising tasks, scheduling time and staying organised. Use the interview to describe your approach to long-term planning as well as responding flexibly to shifting deadlines. Demonstrate how you balance organisation with creativity. Strong time management shows you can juggle responsibilities and deliver results.

Companies value self-motivated professionals who take the initiative to achieve goals and go beyond basic requirements. Highlight accomplishments and quantify the impact you made in past roles. Use examples that demonstrate how you proactively identified opportunities for improvement. Discuss how you set challenging goals for yourself. During the interview, convey enthusiasm for the company and role. Share ideas you already have for contributing if hired. Showing motivation and drive indicates you are committed to excelling.

Digital skills are becoming increasingly important for all roles. Employers look for proficiency in relevant software, applications and platforms. Tailor your CV and interview examples to showcase your digital capabilities. Demonstrate skills like data analysis, social media management or CRM systems. Being digitally savvy shows you can thrive in modern work environments. Highlight any experience with programming, website development, analytics tools or other technical abilities. Fluency with essential digital tools indicates you can perform and communicate effectively in a technology-driven job.

Employers look for job candidates with versatile skills like communication, problem-solving and adaptability. Tailor your answers and application to highlight the abilities companies seek. Show concrete examples of using these skills successfully in past roles. Demonstrate them during the interview through your responses, stories and interactions. With strong essential skills and the right experience, you can show employers you are the ideal candidate for the job.
 
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  • Equally important, but how about when I have never worked before.

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What not to say in a job interview


Honesty is the best policy in a job interview, however, the way you phrase yourself also matters and there are a number of topics you should simply avoid.

Job interviews, no matter how prepared you are, can be stressful. In high-pressure situations it is easy to lose your train of thought or inadvertently say something you would rather have kept to yourself.

Recruiters and employers are well... used to people making small mistakes during the interview process, ones that will likely not harshly impact your chances, however, there are a few errors that you should avoid making, so you don't leave a bad impression or fall into a trap designed to catch you out.

Three kids, a mortgage and a turtle

Despite the growing influence of DEI (diversity, equality, inclusion) measures within the workplace, there is still a global issue of minority groups being discriminated against during the job application process.

Many countries have enacted rules that discourage and prohibit potential employers from asking questions of a personal nature, such as your sexual orientation, relationship status, religion and ethnic background.

That doesn't mean that they won't try and compel you to offer up the information by means of small talk. For example, they may ask you if you would need to leave at a pre-agreed time to pick up children or query how your family would feel about your having to travel for work.

Remember to always bring it back to your proficiency in the role and don't provide any unnecessary, irrelevant information.

I didn't have time

Employers and recruiters will assume that you looked up their website and researched the company before the interview, (which is best practice), however, if you didn't have time due to other commitments, don't volunteer that information.

If you do, it will seem as though you aren't fully invested in the interview process and therefore won't fully commit to the role should you get it.

If you get asked a question you can't answer, try to redirect it to a topic you are more familiar with. If you can't, there is no harm in saying you don't know, it is better than blurting out the first thing that comes to mind.

Explain it is an interesting topic and one you are looking forward to learning more about. Many questions are actually designed to assess how you handle awkward situations, so just make sure that even when you don't know the answer, you approach it in the right way.

I know I don't have experience Hiring Now

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Almost everyone has applied for a role that they weren't fully qualified in, but felt that they possessed the necessary skill and drive nonetheless. Whatever you do, don't remind the recruiter or employer that you lack a specific experience, as not only could it result in your immediate disqualification, but it could cause the interviewer to hyperfocus on that one bit of information.

Your interviewer has likely read your CV or résumé, which means that they offered you an interview already knowing the skills and experience you bring to the table. Big yourself up, don't tear yourself down, as it will just give other people licence to do the same.

Insert expletive here

No one is a saint and every now and then bad language just slips out, but there is a time and a place for it. A job interview is not that place. Using expletives in a job interview can make you sound crass and unprepared, not to mention it speaks to the lack of a wider vocabulary.

You may find once you get the job that your employer and co-workers swear like sailors and you are free to do so, however, don't start the interview that way, as you don't know how a prospective employer might respond. It would be a frustratingly simple error to lose a job over.

I had to get out of there

Many of us will have had a past experience with a poor employer, or downright toxic co-workers and it can be tempting to run their names through the mud, but it's a bad move. Unprofessionally criticising others can be seen as a sign of immaturity and is evident of a lack of loyalty.

That's not to say you can't fairly assess your former place of work, just keep it professional by evidencing the ways in which it may not have supported your career growth and ambitions. Use this as an opportunity to showcase your level of experience, the skills that you picked up in your previous role and how they can be applied to a new, exciting venture.

Avoid the clichés

Just because an interviewer's questions are standard or obvious, does not mean that you should respond with clichés. Yes they are helpful when trying to relate to someone else, as we all know what someone is getting at when they use one, but in an interview context they can seem lazy and unoriginal.

Try to approach the question from a different angle, with a unique point of view that will make you memorable for the right reasons. This is easier said than done, however, a good rule of thumb is to remember what is special about you and why as an individual are an asset. By keeping it personal in a professional sense you can avoid common clichés.

So there you have it, some useful tips on how to avoid common interview faux pas, now go get that job you've been looking for.

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Going for a job interview? These hiring tips will help


Landing that dream job is no joke. Companies want to hire people who have both theoretical and practical skills. Yes, I said skills, so you don't depend solely on your degree. You need to acquire more professional skills that give you an edge over the thousands of other job seekers applying for the same position...

Landing that dream job is no joke. Companies want to hire people who have both... theoretical and practical skills. Yes, I said skills, so you don't depend solely on your degree. You need to acquire more professional skills that give you an edge over the thousands of other job seekers applying for the same position when going for a job interview.

This also means that what you've documented in your resume must match what you can demonstrate practically. For this, you've got to be well-prepared to impress the interviewer. Let's break down some key tips to help you nail that interview and secure the bag.

Ensure adequate preparation

Before you even step into the interview room, do your research. Know the company inside out -- what they do, their mission, vision, recent news -- everything! Practice answering common interview questions like "Tell me about yourself" and "Why do you want this job?" This will boost your confidence and make you look prepared.

READ ALSO: Nigerian varsities working in shadows of death, says Omole

Dress appropriately

First impressions matter, so dress the part. Look sharp and professional. Iron your clothes, polish your shoes, and make sure your hygiene is on point. Remember, you're not just selling your skills; you're selling yourself as a brand. Don't go looking like you're the only one feeling the effects of the economy! Why should they deduce that your starched, shoulder-padded suit is second-hand? Tell me!

Punctuality is a must

Arriving late for an interview is a major turn-off. Plan your journey ahead of time and factor in traffic. Aim to arrive 15-20 minutes early. This shows you're organised and respect the interviewer's time. Plus, the extra time gives you the opportunity to reorganise yourself and your thoughts before the interview begins.

Ensure you don't forget your steeze

Interviews can be nerve-wracking but try to stay calm and composed. Keep your steeze on point! Take deep breaths and maintain eye contact. Speak clearly and confidently, and don't be afraid to pause and collect your thoughts. Remember, the interviewer wants to see if you're a good fit for the team.

Be friendly and greet properly

A warm smile and a firm handshake can go a long way. Greet the interviewer with a friendly "Good morning/afternoon" and introduce yourself. Make eye contact and show genuine interest in the conversation. Remember, you're not just answering questions; you're building a rapport.

Let your body language align with your words

Body language is another important factor. Ensure that your speech and body language are not at odds with each other. You can't claim to be confident while your body language says otherwise. Force them to align and project that confidence to the interviewer. Also, remember that the interviewer is human, not a ghost. There's no need to fidget -- sit up straight. For ladies, you can cross your legs if you're comfortable that way.

At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for taking the time to conduct the interview. Saying thank you reflects your personality as cordial and thoughtful. You can also send a thank-you email to the interviewer. This is a great way to reiterate your interest in the position.

With these tips in mind, The Guardian is certain that you'll go out there, be confident, and crush that interview like a pro.
 
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  • Thank you for sharing these meaningful tips

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'What's your current salary?' Here's how to reply


When a candidate is asked for their current salary in a job interview, it can be a challenging moment, especially for those from underrepresented communities who often face significant pay equity gaps. Disclosing current compensation can unintentionally perpetuate these gaps, as employers may base their offers on your past earnings rather than the true market value of your skills and experience.... This practice can exacerbate existing inequalities, locking individuals into a cycle of underpayment and undervaluation.

To navigate this situation smartly, it's essential to shift the conversation away from past compensation and toward your expectations based on the role you're applying for. One effective approach is to politely redirect the question by saying something like, "I'm looking for a compensation package that reflects the market rate for this role and aligns with the value I can bring to your company." If pressed further, you can mention that your past salary doesn't fully represent your current skill level or the value you bring to the table. This opens the door to discuss your qualifications and the market rate for the position, rather than being anchored to a potentially outdated or unfair salary.

For candidates who find themselves in situations where a company requires salary history as part of the application process, it's important to handle this strategically. You might consider responding with a broad salary range rather than a specific number, emphasizing that your expectation is to be compensated fairly based on the responsibilities of the new role. Additionally, make it clear that you're open to discussing compensation in greater detail once you've had the opportunity to fully understand the scope of the position.
 
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HR expert shares the biggest mistake people make when talking about themselves during a job interview


Tessa White, a career coach shared the one way you can fail at your job interview

A HR expert has come out to explain the number of mistakes job seekers make when attending a job interview, and her advice is golden.

It's hard being a candidate these days, with the economy looking like a sea of uncertainty, the job market on its toes and unemployment yet to reach pre-pandemic levels.

It can be... difficult to know how to sell yourself to a company that has hundreds, if not thousands, of other applicants.

That's why getting it right the first time around is essential.

One of the most important aspects of the recruitment process is the dreaded interview.

When you have to appear in front of one or more people who pick the most difficult questions to ask you about your credentials and experience.

This is where you need to be on your A game.

According to Tessa White, a career coach with over 20 years of experience as a HR professional, as well as being the founder of The Job Doctor, you need to be 'crystal clear on their value proposition.'

This is the first thing she does when she works with her own clients.

White explained that selling yourself can lead to the number one mistake you can make.

She shared that thinking your value proposition is weighed by the tasks you've done before in other roles that can be transferred to this job, is wrong.

This is because it can limit your negotiation power as 'your leverage is in your outcomes'.

White said: "When somebody goes in to get a job and they say, 'I've done this before and I'm really good at it,' that doesn't mean anything. That's just white noise."

Instead, you should realize that 'the language of business is numbers.'

She went on to explain how you need to explain problems you solved in your previous role, and what the outcome was.

If it's backed by numbers, then you should show them off too.

For example, if your interview is for the role of someone who needs to have experience in introducing a company to a new market, show them the numbers of before your last company entered a market and after.

White shared: "In my last job, I did this, and I was able to gain 12% penetration in this particular target market with a 98% retention rate of customers.

"All of a sudden, I want that [candidate]."

White went on to say: "If I'm applying for a job and I go and say, 'I've done HR for 20 years, and I know how to do business succession planning and recruiting and training' -- everybody on their resumes has that experience.

"But if I go in and I say, 'I'm the person that you hire if you're a company that wants to go fast and go public, and you need to build up your departments and make sure they can scale quickly' -- I'm all of a sudden the top candidate for the job, instead of just another person who has 20 years [of experience]."

Essentially, she wants you to 'give me your professional highlights reel, not your job description.'

The expert concluded: "If you're clear on your value proposition and you can clearly articulate what the company gets if they hire you, and the problems you can solve and the skills you have to solve those problems for the company, you will be able to negotiate much higher pay."
 
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